Gingivitis - inflammation of mucous membrane of the gums. Its seen as an early stage of generalized periodontitis, in which the pathologic process extends to the periodontium and alveolar bone. When gingivitis in the case of correct and timely treatment can still achieve full recovery of tissues periodontium. At the beginning of gingivitis proceeds quietly, and patients sometimes do not pay attention to it. Desna has a pale-pink or pink, dense, gum region festonchaty, fit snugly to the teeth. This initial, or latent, phase. Subjectively, patients felt little burning sensation in the gums, pruritus, hunk, tingling, especially the morning. A desire to compress the teeth to get rid of these feelings.
An early sign of periodontitis is «wanton» tooth movement: the emergence of spacing between them, bringing forward the change of the holes (like a tooth grows), rotate around its axis. In closing jaws breached positioning the teeth that leads to congestion.
Very often when there parodontitis bleeding gums. Bleeding during a tooth cleaning, with nibble and chewing bread, raw vegetables and fruits, etc. In the more pronounced changes in the tissues of periodontium detect traces of blood or ichor on the pillow when sleeping. At this stage you bad breath. Sometimes the early manifestations of the disease progressing very slowly and patients do not pay attention to them, thus exacerbating the disease. Over time, gums red and otekaet, increases bleeding, especially in the lower front teeth.
Without the appropriate timely treatment is progressing disease. The pain takes nagging character, enhanced with chewing. Region gum and interdental papilliferous otekayut become loose, becoming bright red in color, bleeding from the slightest touch. Gum region, which is normal to fit snugly teeth, because of significant edema behind. At the same time between the gum and tooth formation of a large pocket, which, after the destruction of inflammation round ligament tooth reaches the depth of 3-4 mm. Push the edge of the gums accompanied by turbid, yellowish fluid containing ottorgshiesya epithelial cells, microbes, food residue, pus. Typically, during this period of the disease occurs much deposition of dental plaque or stone. As the disease exacerbated by the early manifestations and new: severe pain when chewing, bad breath. Fabrics loose gums, bleeding at the slightest touch. Sometimes patients feel numbness in the gums, do not feel the teeth, resulting in disrupted coordination of jaw movements. Saliva becomes brown or brown impurities from the blood of the infected gums. Often the patients because of abundant bleeding from the gums stop to clean the teeth, thus unwittingly contributing to the further development of the pathological process.
Swelling progresses. Due to stagnation of blood vessels in the mucous membrane becomes lividity gum color. Interdental gum papilliferous thicken, growing, sometimes atrophy, exposed neck of the teeth and interdental spaces. These processes drastically change the contours of the gums, in particular its edges. Interdental spaces filled with remnants of food. Propityvayas blood, they decompose and form a putrid smell. The exposed neck of the teeth are painful, are very sensitive to the effects of cold and heat. Eating becomes difficult.
As the progression of all the phenomena are exacerbated due to the destruction of alveolar bone and periodontal pockets deeper dentogingival to 6-8 mm. Teeth begin to loose, traumatizing tissue periodontium and contributing to their destruction.
In dentogingival pockets grows rich pink granulation, lavishly equipped with blood vessels. At the slightest injury, they are bleeding.
When infected granulation pyo melted. Pus, in turn, destroys the alveolar bone, increasing mobility of teeth due to loss of support.
Pathological mobility of teeth, gnoetechenie of dentogingival pockets, pain, recurrent exacerbation of inflammation cause the removal of teeth. Loss of teeth leads to an overload of the remaining, and hence the progression of the disease. Thus closes a vicious circle - the process is progressing dramatically deformed tooth row, a growing overload of the remaining teeth, which in turn leads to loss of teeth. To restore chewing apparatus becomes necessary prosthetics, which due to the destruction of alveolar process difficult.
